This study identifies GAA as a potential metabolic biomarker for frailty. Higher GAA levels are associated with lower frailty odds and provide predictive value for a lower likelihood of frailty progression.
Findings suggest that food-derived creatine does not pose a risk of kidney stress, even for individuals with kidney failure, and might be considered a renoprotective nutrient.
The Blueprint, based on a review and gap analysis of existing fortification frameworks, intends to refresh program thinking and priorities and provide renewed guidance concerning program components required to scale fortification initiatives and achieve nutrition impact goals. Further, the Blueprint intends to help better inform fortification programming policy and harmonize key design components, such as regulatory monitoring practices, creation of fortification standards, and identification of feasible fortification vehicles.
Fortification programmes must be monitored to confirm that they are working effectively, thereby ensuring the population is receiving a nutritious and safe fortified end-product. The development of fortification monitoring systems that can be properly implemented and maintained requires careful planning.
This policy guidance document serves as a resource for those responsible for food fortification policy development and programme implementation. Its overarching aim is to help countries achieve the target public health outcomes that are established by stakeholders at the outset of food fortification programmes.