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Creatine monohydrate continues to be the only source of creatine that has substantial evidence to support bioavailability, efficacy, and safety. Additionally, creatine monohydrate is the source of creatine recommended explicitly by professional societies and organizations and approved for use in global markets as a dietary ingredient or food additive.

Supplement manufacturers have continually introduced newer forms of creatine into the marketplace. These newer forms have been purported to have better physical and chemical properties, bioavailability, efficacy, and/or safety profiles than creatine monohydrate. However, there is little to no evidence that any of the newer forms of creatine are more effective and/or safer than creatine monohydrate whether ingested alone and/or in combination with other nutrients.

Creatine ingested as a lozenge (crushed in the mouth and swallowed) or as a crystalline suspension in ice cold water resulted in a 20% lower peak concentration and 30-35% smaller area under the plasma creatine concentration curve than the same dose administered in solution.

Creatine crystallizes from water as monoclinic prisms holding one molecule of water of crystallisation per molecule of creatine. The crystals easily loose this water of crystallisation at around 100 C. The solubility of creatine in water increases with temperature and the correlation between solubility and temperature is almost linear.